SQL BASICS | What is the difference between SQL, PL-SQL, PL/pgSQL and T-SQL? | SQL Interview Question?

Today I got a facebook message asking about the difference between SQL, PL-SQL/PL/pgSQL and T-SQL. So I thought of sharing the details with you guys also :).

SQL

1. The Full form of SQL is Structured Query Language. It focuses on managing relational databases. Consider this as an open format and it is used by almost all rdbms we have – SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, DB2, Informix, etc. It was developed by IBM for one of their product.

2. SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986, and of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987

3. Most of the SQL database programs also have their own proprietary extensions in addition to the SQL standard.

4. This should work in all databases we have. It has complex syntax compared to vendor SQLs although is easy to migrate from one vendor database to another.

T-SQL

1. The full form of T-SQL is Transact-SQL.

2. It is Microsoft’s and Sybase’s proprietary extension to the SQL (Structured Query Language) used to interact with relational databases. T-SQL expands on the SQL standard to include procedural programming, local variables, various support functions for string processing, date processing, mathematics, etc.

3. The implementation of DELETE and UPDATE statement in T-SQL is different from SQL.

4. Transact-SQL is central to using Microsoft SQL Server and Azure SQL Database.

PL/SQL

1. The full form is Procedural Language/Structured Query Language.

2. PL-SQL is a proprietary procedural language used by Oracle.

3. PL/SQL combine programming procedural instructions and allows the creation of programs that operates directly on database scenario.

4. This can be used to create Procedures, Functions, Packages, Types, Triggers, etc.

PL/pgSQL

1. This is a language used by PostgreSQL.

2. PL/pgSQL (Procedural Language/PostgreSQL) is a procedural programming language supported by the PostgreSQL ORDBMS. It closely resembles Oracle’s PL/SQL language.

3. Implemented by Jan Wieck, PL/pgSQL first appeared with PostgreSQL 6.4, released on October 30, 1998. Version 9 also implements some ISO SQL/PSM features, like overloading of SQL-invoked functions and procedures.

References

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1043265/what-is-the-difference-between-sql-pl-sql-and-t-sql?utm_medium=organic&utm_source=google_rich_qa&utm_campaign=google_rich_qa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transact-SQL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/pgSQL

https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_intro.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/SQL

Enjoy:)

Pawan Khowal

Pawan is a SQL Server Developer. If you need any help in writing code/puzzle or training please email at – pawankkmr”AT”gmail.com. Meanwhile please go throgh the top pages from his blog.

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