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NEW T-SQL FEATURES IN SQL SERVER 2016 – Temporal Table : Hidden Column
In this post we shall check out the hidden column feature for Temporal Table columns
Syntax with [ HIDDEN ] attribute
-- --Simple CREATE TABLE Syntax (common if not using options) CREATE TABLE [ database_name . [ schema_name ] . | schema_name . ] table_name ( { <column_definition> } [ ,...n ] ) ..[ GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW { START | END } [ HIDDEN ] ] [ ; ] -- |
Now let’s take an example. Create a temporal Table called temporalTable1.
-- CREATE TABLE temporalTable1 ( Id INT PRIMARY KEY , Val Varchar(100) , [ValidFrom] datetime2 (2) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START , [ValidTo] datetime2 (2) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW END , PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME (ValidFrom, ValidTo) ) WITH (SYSTEM_VERSIONING = ON (HISTORY_TABLE = dbo.HistorytesttemporalTable1)); GO -- |
Now If you execute SELECT * from temporalTable1 you will get data from all the columns.
SELECT * FROM temporalTable1 --OUTPUT Id Val ValidFrom ValidTo ----------- ---------- ------------ -- ------------ (0 rows affected) -- |
Note that columns like ValidFrom and ValidTo are visible here. Now we can make them hidden by using below method.
-- ALTER TABLE temporalTable1 ALTER COLUMN [ValidFrom] ADD HIDDEN GO ALTER TABLE temporalTable1 ALTER COLUMN [ValidTo] ADD HIDDEN GO --OUTPUT Commands completed successfully. |
Now again execute SELECT * from temporalTable1 and see if you get data from all the columns.
SELECT * FROM temporalTable1 --OUTPUT Id Val ----------- ----------- (0 rows affected) -- |
See here you will get only first two columns only. Remaining date columns will not be SELECTED.
If you want unhide the columns then use below command.
-- ALTER TABLE temporalTable1 ALTER COLUMN [ValidFrom] DROP HIDDEN GO ALTER TABLE temporalTable1 ALTER COLUMN [ValidTo] DROP HIDDEN GO -- |
Notes
1. For hidding a column GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START/END is compulsory.
2. System-versioned table cannot have more than one ‘GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW END’ column
3. System-versioned table cannot have more than one ‘GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START’ column
Refer Microsoft Link below for more details-
1 | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql |
Enjoy !!!
Pawan Khowal
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https://polldaddy.com/js/rating/rating.jsHi Buddie,
I love all the posts, I really enjoyed.
I would like more information about this, because it is very nice., Thanks for sharing.
I want to write a query to pull only the first row from the below result set. Having said that the below result set is for 3 unique rows for LocationIds 47,30 and 74 which are valid. Now I want join the 47 i.e location_id on the fly with another table that has LocationId in the join itself to fetch always the latest record location of a customer and display that latest address for each record with same latest address as highlighted below respectively in the second result set.
location_id and last_update_date are available in Location1 table
LocationId is available only in Location2 table
location_id last_update_date Address1 Address2 City LocationId
47 1/9/2014 22:13 118 East #8F NY 47
30 9/18/2013 13:25 405 Taylor St SF 30
71 5/20/2013 16:50 1540 Broadway 17th Floor NY 71
Expected Output
location_id last_update_date Complete (Address1 +Address2) City LocationId
47 1/9/2014 22:13 118 East #8F NY 47
30 9/18/2013 13:25 118 East #8F SF 30
71 5/20/2013 16:50 118 East #8F NY 71
Requirement is to pull the latest address of a Customer based on column last_update_date available only in Location1 table and display the above 3 records with again the latest address 3 times as shown above for each record . That means every time when there are multiple addresses for a customer then I need to display latest address for all the records and I do not want display other available addresses. I will concatenate Address1 and Address2 and display as Complete
Thanks a lot. This was a perfect step-by-step guide. Don’t think it could have been done better.
MuchasGracias,
Dinesh
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